ANSWERS YOU REALLY NEED TO KNOW
What is a Pap smear? A Pap smear is an important test to screen for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and cervical cancer. The vagina is widened with the help of a speculum to allow the doctor to view the cervix. Using a cotton swab the cervix is gently brushed to gather some cells.
These cells are placed on a slide to be looked at under a microscope. HPV, or ‘human pappilloma virus’, is an STD that is believed to cause cervical cancer, which can show up on a Pap test, as will other abnormalities. Ideally you should have one at least once a year, though your gynaec may recommend one more frequently depending on your medical history and lifestyle.
Is vaginal discharge normal? A woman’s vagina normally produces a discharge at certain times of the month due to hormonal changes in the body. It is usually clear or slightly cloudy, non-irritating, and odour-free and the amount and consistency of discharge can vary from being thin or watery, to a more extensive thicker discharge.
A vaginal discharge that has an odour or irritating, is usually considered abnormal.
The irritation might be itching or burning, or both. These symptoms often are made worse by sexual intercourse. It is important to see your doctor if there has been a change in the quantity, colour, or smell of the discharge.
A thick, curd-like white discharge with irritation and itching results from the growth of a fungus called ‘candida’. It can occur from wearing tight, damp clothing, tight jeans or a wet swimsuit. Your gynaec can diagnose the problem and treat it — usually with anti-fungal medication.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) can give rise to a fish-like odour, which needs antibiotics for treatment.
What are morning-after pills? Mistakes do happen and a woman needs a back up when routine contraception fails to work properly. Luckily, there is an option — the ‘morning-after pills’ or emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) that can be used to prevent pregnancy following unprotected sexual intercourse.
ECPs are just a higher dose of the same active ingredients in your existing birth control pills and should be taken within 72 hours of unprotected sexual intercourse, to prevent pregnancy.
Can you get pregnant if you are breastfeeding? Yes. Even though breastfeeding may suppress or delay menstruation, you can still get pregnant. Ovulation will occur before you start having menstrual periods again, so follow your doctor’s recommendation on the appropriate method of birth control to use.